Tolkiens ÃƒÅ“bersetzungshinweise

Kneazle Anmeldedatum: 04.10.2004 Beiträge: 5230 Wohnort: unter Aktenbergen

Sehr interessant Google...

Die kannte ich Ã¼brigens auch noch nicht.

Gibt es dazu irgendwelche netten Geschichten, MÃ¤rchen oder sowas, die Du empfehlen kÃ¶nntest?

Von Astrid Lindgreen/Wilfried Wiberg: "Tomte Tummetott" und "Tomte und der Fuchs"
Guck mal in der Kinderabteilung beim Hugendubel, einmal ansehen reicht, es sei denn, Du bist so verrÃ¼ckt, wie ich.

Tomtes klingen interessant! ErzÃ¤hl mehr darÃ¼ber Google!

Kneazle Anmeldedatum: 04.10.2004 Beiträge: 5230 Wohnort: unter Aktenbergen

KÃ¶nntest Du darÃ¼ber mal eine Geschichte schreiben, damit man ein GefÃ¼hl dafÃ¼r bekommt wie die so sind?

Na, da habe ich ja was gesagt.
Ich bin kein Tomte-Spezialist. Alles was ich so weiÃƒÅ¸, weiÃƒÅ¸ ich von Astrid. Darum kann ich Euch nur ihre BÃ¼cher weiterempfehlen, mÃ¶chte selber aber nichts weiter darÃ¼ber von mir geben.
Alternativ kÃ¶nnte man auch Ã¼ber Fireball oder Googel etwas rauskriegen ;-)

BÃ¼cherwurm Anmeldedatum: 04.10.2004 Beiträge: 9673 Wohnort: bei Mrs. Figg

Ich glaube, es wird Zeit fÃ¼r die nÃ¤chste Runde:

Gamgee. A surname found in England, though uncommon. I do not know its origin; it does not appear to be English. It is also a word for 'cotton-wool' (now obsolescent but known to me in childhood), derived from the name of S. Gamgee (died 1886), a distinguished surgeon, who invented 'Gamgee tissue'. In a translation it would be best to treat this name as 'meaningless', and retain it with any spelling changes that may seem necessary to fit it to the style of the language of translation.
Gamling (the Old). A name of one of the Rohirrim, and best left unchanged, though like one or two other names in Rohan (Shadowfax, Wormtongue) it has been slightly anglicized and modernized. It should be Gameling (with short a). It would be one of the words and names that hobbits recognized as similar to their own, since it is an English (that is, Common Speech) name, probably the origin of the surnames Gamlen, Gam(b)lin, and other forms. Compare The Tale of Gamelin, a medieval poem from which ultimately was derived part of Shakespeare's As You Like It (It is derived from the stem gamal- 'old', the normal word in Scandinavian languages, but only found in Old English in verse-language, and in Old High German only as an element in personal names).
Goatleaf. A Bree name of botanical type. It is an old name of the honeysuckle or woodbine. Compare French chÃƒÂ¨vrefeuille (medieval Latin caprifolium, probably from the vernaculars). It presents no difficulty in German, since Geissblatt seems one of the names in use.
Goldberry. Translate by sense.
Great Enemy. Translate.
Grey Company. Translate.
Greyhame. Modernized form of Rohan gr_g-hama 'greycoat'. By-name in Rohan of Gandalf. Since both Gr_ghama and Greyhame would probably be unintelligible in a language of translation, whereas at least the Grey- is meant to be intelligible to readers, it would be right, I think, to translate this epithet: that is, to represent Ãƒâ€°omer as translating its sense into the Common Speech (II 37). So the Dutch version has correctly Grijsmantel; but the Swedish wrongly grÃƒÂ¥hamn 'grey phantom'. In German it might be Graumantel?
Grey Host. Translate.
Grey Pilgrim. Another by-name of Gandalf, translation of Mithrandir. It should be translated by sense.
Grip. Dog-name. Translate. See Fang.
Grubb. A hobbit-name. (Grubbs, I 36, is plural.) Translate, if possible in some way more or less suitable to sound and sense. The name is meant to recall the English verb grub 'dig, root, in the ground.'
Guardians. Translate.
Halfling. Common Speech name for Hobbit. It is not actually an English word, but might be (that is, it is suitably formed with appropriate suffix). The sense is 'a half-sized man / person'. Translate with similar invention containing the word for 'half' in the language of translation. The Dutch translation used Halfling (presumably an intelligible derivative of half, though not in use in Dutch any more than in English).
Harfoots (plural). Meant to be intelligible (in its context) and recognized as an altered form of an old name = 'hairfoot', that is, 'one with hairy feet'. It is supposed to represent archaic English hÃƒÂ¦Ã‚Â¯r-f_t later herfoot, with the usual change of er to ar in English. Modern English hair, though related, is not a direct descendant of Old English h ÃƒÂ¦Ã‚Â¯r, h_r = German Haar. German Harfuss would adequately represent the form, meaning, and slight change of spelling in an old proper name. See Fallohide.
Harry (from Herry from Henry). Any popular man's name of a similar sort will do.
Hayward. Translate. A local official with the duty of inspecting fences and keeping cattle from straying (see I 19). The word is now obsolescent, surviving chiefly in the very common surname Hayward; but Hob (III 277, 279) was supposed actually to be a hayward. The word is derived from hay 'fence' (not 'grass') + ward 'guard'. Compare High Hay, Hay Gate, Haysend, place-names in Buckland. If the language of translation possesses an old compound of similar sense, so much the better. The Dutch translation used Schutmesster (which is very close: 'keeper of a pound or fenced enclosure'.) The Swedish used stÃ¤ngselvakt 'hedge-watch', which I think is made for the purpose.
Healer, The Healers. Translate.
Heathertoes. A Bree name. There is no parallel in English, though Heather- appears in some surnames. The Dutch translation has Heideteen. For German HeÃƒÂdezhen? (Presumably a joke of the Big Folk, meaning that the Little Folk, wandering unshod, collected heather, twigs and leaves between their toes).
Hobbit. Do not translate, since the name is supposed no longer to have had a recognized meaning in the Shire, and not to have been derived from the Common Speech (= English, or the language of translation).
Holman, An English surname; but here supposed to = 'hole-man' (pronounced the same). Translate by this sense.
Hornblower. Hornblow and Hornblower are English surnames. In the Shire they are evidendy occupational surnames. Translate by sense.
Isengrim, See III 413: 'In some old families, especially those of Fallohide origin such as the Tooks and the Bolgers, it was ... , the custom to give high-sounding first-names'. The name is an old Germanic one, perhaps best known now as the name (Isegrim) adopted for the Wolf as a character in the romance of Reynard the Fox. It is best left untranslated since it is not supposed to be made of Common Speech elements.
Leaflock. Translate by sense, since this is supposed to be a Common Speech translation of the Elvish Finglas: fing 'lock of hair' + las(s) 'leaf'. Similarly the Ent-name Fladrif, translated as Skinbark.
Maggot. Intended to be a 'meaningless' name, hobbit-like in sound. Actually it is an accident that maggot is an English word meaning 'grub', 'larva'. The Dutch translation has Van de Made (made = German Made, Old English ma_a 'maggot'), but the name is probably best left alone, as in the Swedish translation, though some assimilation to the style of the language of translation would be in place.
Marigold. Translate this flower-name (see III 413). The name is used because it is suitable as a name in English and because, containing 'gold' and referring to a golden flower, it suggests that there was a 'Fallohide' strain (see 1 12) in Sam's familyÃ¢â‚¬â€which, increased by the favour of Galadriel, became notable in his children: especially Elanor, but also Goldilocks (a name sometimes given to flowers of the buttercup kind) who married the heir of Peregrin Took. Unfortunately the name of the flower in the language of translation may be unsuitable as a name in form or meaning (for instance French souci). In such a case it would be better to substitute the name of some other yellow flower. The Swedish translator solved the difficulty by translating the name as Majagull and adding Ringblom (Swedish ringblomma 'marigold'; compare German Ringelblume). The Dutch translator was content with Meizoentje 'daisy'; which is good enough. He did not include the genealogies in his translation, and ignored 'the fact that Daisy was the name of a much older sister of Sam and not a playmate of Rosie Cotton.
Mugwort. A Bree name; the name of a plant (Artemisia, French armoise, akin to Wormwood, French armoise amÃƒÂ¨re). Translate by the name of the plant in the language of translation (for example German Beifuss) If suitable; or by the name of some other herb of more or less similar shape. There is no special reason for the choice of Mugwort, except its hobbit-like sound.